English Passages Questions
(20 marks)
1. Read the passage given below.
1.The seasonal problem of water taps running dry is plaguing most of our major cities. With the bekar rivers flowing intricacies and ponds and Wells reduced to Clay pits, village women in remote 8 areas have to fetch every drop of water for drinking, cooking, washing and so on, across large distances. This has only worsened a perennial problem, that of widespread pollution of water, rendering it unfit for human consumption. The monsoons and the attendant floods will not solve this problem.
2. The Delhi administration is seriously worried about the threat to civic health posed by the polluted waters of the Yamuna. Two main tanks were to be set up to treat sewage. At present only 60% of the 200 million gallons of the cities sewage receive any kind of treatment before it is dumped into the river which supplies water not only to to this city but to innumerable towns and villages downstream. The Ganga, the Yamuna, the Kaveri, in fact all our important rivers serving many urban conglomerations, are fast becoming a major source of diseases.
3. A comprehensive bill introduced in the Parliament recently, envisages the setting up of central and state boards for the prevention and control of water pollution. But it will obviously take some time before legislation is passed and effectively implemented. Meanwhile the problem continued to swell. According to a survey of eight dwelling countries conducted a couple of years ago, 90% of all child deaths due to waterborne diseases. It is the same and changed story today.
4. In a country like India, a burgeoning population continuing to use the open countryside as a lavatory means that with every dust storm and rain, human excreta laden with germs and parasites find their way to ponds, shallow Wells and even the streams and rivers. Only 18% of the rural folk have access to portable water.
5. A new threat that has already assumed alarming proportions is from industrial waste which is generally dumped and untreated into the nearest river. For instance, for every kilogram of process hide, 30 to 40 litres of foul smelling, wastewater has to be disposed off. There are at least 900 licensed tanneries in the organised sector. Putrefied paper and jute waste, metallic waste from straw board and textile mills, sulphur, ammonia, urea, metallic salts and corrosive acids all find their way to the rivers of India.
6. It is important not only to make new laws to ensure the purity of water, but also to realise the urgency of implementing them ruthlessly, if we are to avoid a national health disaster cutting across the barrier between towns and the countryside.
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On the basis of your reading of the passage, answer any ten of the following questions.
i. Which problem is highlighted in the given passage?
a) Reduction of groundwater.
b) Droughts
c) Water pollution
d) All of these.
ii. According to the passage, women in rural areas.
a) try to obtain as much usable water.
b) cause water pollution.
c) have to travel long distances to get water.
d) die due to thirst.
iii. Which of the following is a threat to the residents of Delhi?
1. Zero ground water level.
2. Lack of potable water.
3. Lack of the treatment of sewage.
4. Yamuna is over - polluted.
5. Open untreated water.
6. Water borne diseases.
a) 1, 3 and 5
b) 3 and 4
c) 1, 2 and 6.
d) 3, 5 and 4
iv. The Delhi Administration is worried about ....... .
a) Threat to civic health posed by polluted waters of Yamuna.
b) The rivers are becoming a major source of diseases.
c) Lack of water treatment facilities.
d) Both a and b.
v. What is the purpose of the bill mentioned in the passage?
a) It creates financial scope for water treatment facilities.
b) It creates a Central and State Boards for control of water pollution.
c) It looks into the effective implemention of legislation.
d) It looks into the proper treatment of water bodies.
vi. According to the passage, what can cut through the barrier between towns and villages?
a) number of child deaths
b) decreasing potable water
c) water pollution
d) Civic health problems.
vii. Why are most child deaths in India due to water borne diseases?
a) due to the lack of potable water
b) lack of proper sanitation and hygiene.
c) due to the open lavatory system
d) chemicals found in water.
viii. The industrial waste dumped in the river is/are
a) Putrefied paper
b) Metallic wire.
c) Corrosive acids.
d) all of these
ix. Which of the following will be the most appropriate title for the passage?
a) the inevitable evel of pollution
b) Water pollution
c) Water scarcity
d) tackling water pollution
x. The phrase "is passed and effectively implemented" refers to the implementation of
a) amendment clause
b) legal punishments
c) legislations.
d) all of these
xi. Select the option that makes the correct use of 'Plaguing' as used in the passage, to fill in the space.
a) You are you don't have a child ....... you?
b) Xander was there for a reason and Damien was ...... it.
c) it's now likely that he will need plastic surgery to prevent further cuts ...... the rest of his career.
d) birds are the biggest culprit . . . . . grape Vines.
xii. Choose the option that correctly States the meaning of 'dumped', as used in the passage.
1. Garbage
2. Throw
3. Waste
4. Leave
5. Sell
a) 1 and 3
b) 4 and 5
c) 3 and 1
d) 2 and 4
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Read the passage given below.
1. Celebrities advertising products is nothing new, infact it has been part of our lives for years. Back in the 2000's, you couldn't sit through a commercial break without seeing the teen pop icon of that time, Britney Spears, endorsing Pepsi. The Pepsi legacy was later continued by the most famous celebrity we know of, Beyonce. She was paid millions to promote the carbonated drink, which outraged health advocacy groups. Many concerned people questioned her ethics, as to why she was supporting a drink that plays a major role in causing obesity.
2. With the growing importance of social media in a shopper's purchase journey, companies are evolving and stepping up the endorsement game across different channels. With celebrities vouching for promoting their products, brands can increase awareness, trust and familiarity, which are important variables in the purchase decision - making process.
3. Consumers feel more sympathetic towards a brand, if their products are promoted by a celebrity they admire or relate to. It's simple psychological effect: people believe that purchasing a product that's promoted by a celebrity they admire, will allow them to emulate the celebrities desired traits or attract similar people into their lives. They will associated celebrities success beauty, athletic, skill etc. with a particular product.
4. A research by Nielson conducted in 2015 broke down the level of trust in advertising formats by different generations. It founded celebrity endorsement resonate more strongly with generation Z (ages 15 - 20) and Millennial (ages 21 - 34) audiences.
Brands are taking advantage of that by increasing the utilising the social media communities of celebrities. Social media is a way for consumers, in particular those of younger demographic, to engage and build intimate connections with the celebrities they follow, making it the place for these celebrities to play company e or a product on their personal social media accounts.
5. While celebrity endorsements certainly help to attract consumers, its direct influence on the consumers purchasing decision is inconclusive. As consumers are becoming better educated and have faster access to information, blind feat in celebrity endorsement is beginning to wane. They will be attracted to a brand because of a a celebrity but they will quickly move away if the product does not perform. It's the quality of your product that will keep consumers coming back, not a celebrity link.
6. A brand needs to tell the consumers why product makes sense for them as individuals and what problem they can solve with it, not solely rely on a real life Barbie doll, athlete or pop culture icon. If they cannot, their products will lose value over time, and consumers will be the first one to turn their backs.
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On the basis of the reading of your passage, answer any ten of the following questions.
i. According to the passage, why are celebrities questioned for brand endorsements?
a) for evasion of tax
b) for increasing health effects
c) for the side effects of using the brand
d) for using wrong means to advertise misleading data.
ii. Big brands started hiring big celebrities to endorse their brands because
a) celebrities have a huge fan following
b) it increase awareness, trust and familiarity.
c) it increases their profit
d) to achieve name and fame
iii. What is the psychological effect of celebrity brand endorsements?
a) association of product with the celebrities desired features.
b) people become more sympathetic towards a brand.
c) Fame factor overrides quality in the product decision making process.
d) all of the above
iv. According to the passage, which category of people were more influenced by celebrities while buying a product?
a) Boomers
b) Gen Z
c) Millennial
d) Both b and c
v. Choose the option that lists the correct answer of the following.
1. Neerav is a teen who loves watching television. He exceptionally follows everything that his favourite actor does. Which category does he fit into?
2. Neelam is a working woman. She follows our favourite actress on social media, and while making a decision she would consider keeping her favourite actress choice in mind. Which category does she fits into?
a) Neerav belong to Gen Z and Neelam is a Millennial.
b) Neerav and Neelam both belong to Gen Z.
c) Neerav is a Millennial while Neelam is a Gen X.
d) Both Neerav and Neelam are millennials.
vi. Based on your understanding of the passage, choose the option that lists the variable of the decision-making process.
1. Awareness
2. Celebrity
3. Trust
4. Familiarity
5. Ethics
6. Knowledge
a) 1, 5 and 6
b) 2, 3 and 4
c) 1, 3 and 4
d) 2, 5 and 6
vii. How does social media help in the endorsement of a brand?
a) It allows to engage and build connections within with the celebrities.
b) it promotes that the product will make them similar to the celebrity.
c) it gives the opportunity to reach the level of the favourite celebrity.
d) it shows the quality of the product.
viii. What does the passage clean in Para 6?
a) there is no relationship between brand endorsements and purchase decision making.
b) we should focus on quality of the product.
c) brands must choose proper celebrities for the product.
d) brands must steal away from false advertisement.
ix. Millennial belong to the age group of
a) 15 - 20
b) 21 - 34
c) 35 - 40
d) 10 - 20
x. Through which medium are brands taking advantage of the influence of celebrities?
a) TV advertisements
b) Print Media
c) Social Media
d) Brand face
xi. According to the passage, brand shouldn't rely on
a) Real life Barbie dolls
b) Pop icons
c) Athletes
d) All of these.
xii. Which word in para 5 means decrease?
a) Wane
b) Blind
c) Attract
d) Access
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Posted by - Anuranjan Gadekar
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