Source - Based Questions class - Xth
SOURCE BASED QUESTIONS
1. Read the source and answer the following questions.
The first clear expression of nationalism came with the French Revolution in 1789. France ,as you would remember , was a full- fledged territorial state in 1789 under the rule of an absolute monarch. The political and constitutional changes that came in the wake of the French Revolution led to the transfer of sovereignty from the monarchy to a body of French citizens . The revolution proclaimed that it was the people who would henceforth constitute the nation and shape it's destiny.
From the very beginning , the French revolutionaries introduced various measures and practices that could create a sense of collective identity amongst the French people. The ideas of la patrie (the fatherland) and le citoyen (the citizen) emphasised the notion of a United community enjoying equal rights under a constitution. A new French flag , the tricolour was chosen to replace the former royal standard . The Estates General was elected by the body of active citizens and renamed the National Assembly. New hymns were composed , oaths were taken and martyrs were commemorated, all in the name of the nation. A centralised administrative system was put in place and it formulated uniform laws for all citizens within it's territory . Internal customs duties and dues were abolished and a uniform system of weights and measures was adopted . Regional dialects were discouraged and French , as it was spoken and written in Paris, became the common language of the nation.
i. At the time of French Revolution it was under the rule of
a) Constituent Assembly.
b) An absolute monarchy.
c) Liberal monarch who supported the uprising .
d) None of the above.
ii. From the very beginning French Revolution tried to create the
a) Idea of democracy
b) Sense of collectiveness
c) Idea of cooperative.
d) None of the above.
iii. Which of the following statements correctly, define the idea of la patrie
and le citoyen?
a) United community enjoying equal rights.
b) Rights are protected by the Constitution
c) Liberalism must be acquired
d) Both a and b
iv. The National Assembly took the initiative to .......... .
a) Introduce centralised administrative system.
b) Formulated uniform laws
c) Internal custom duties and dues were abolished .
d) All of the above.
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2. Read the source and answer the following questions.
Technically all the resources belongs to the nation . The country has legal powers to acquire even private property for public good. You might have seen roads, canals, railways being constructed on fields owned by some individuals . Urban development Authorities get empowered by the government to acquire land. All the minerals, water resources , forests, wildlife , land within the political boundaries and oceanic area up to 12 nautical miles (22.2 km) from the coast termed as territorial water and resources there in belong to the nation.
i. National resource belongs to which of the following?
a) Community
b) Individuals
c) World
d) Country
ii. As per the source the country has legal powers to acquire even private property for which purpose?
a) Self consumption
b) Public good
c) To declare these illegal.
d) None of the above.
iii. The source given above relates to which of the following options ?
a) Individual resources.
b) Community owned resources
c) National resources.
d) Potential resources .
iv. Which of the following is the example of national resource ?
a) Forests
b) Wildlife
c) Oceanic area up to 12 nautical miles (22.2km)
d) All of the above.
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3. Sri Lanka emerged as an independent country in 1948. The leader of the Sinhala community sought to secure dominance over government by virtue of their majority. As a result, the democratically elected government adopted a series of Majoritarian measures to establish Sinhala supremacy. In 1956, an Act was passed to recognise Sinhala as the only official language, thus disregarding Tamil. The government followed preferential policies that favoured Sinhala applicants for University positions and government jobs. A new constitution stipulated that the state shall protect and foster Buddhism.
All these government measures, coming one after the other, gradually increased the feeling of alienation among the Srilankan Tamils. They felt that none of the major political parties led by the Buddhists Sinhala leaders was sensitive to their language and culture. They felt that the Constitution and government policies denied them equal political rights, discriminated against them in getting jobs and other opportunities and ignored their interests . As a result , the relations between the Sinhala and Tamil communities strained over time.
i. What is the reason to adopt Majoritarianism in Sri Lanka?
a) Sri Lanka got independence in 1948.
b) Sri Lanka is a Buddhist country.
c) The leaders of Sinhala community sought to secure dominance over government.
d) None of the above.
ii. Tamil was disregarded in Srilanka as ...... .
a) Sinhala became the official language.
b) There are very few Tamilians in Srilanka.
c) Tamilian led a secluded life.
d) None of the above.
iii. Which measures of government in Srilanka are responsible to increase alienation among the Srilankan Tamils?
a) Srilanka should protect and foster Buddhism.
b) Sinhala applicants for University position and government jobs are favoured .
c) Both a and b.
d) Migration of Tamils was stopped .
iv. Why the relations between the Sinhala and Tamil became strained over time ?
a) Constitution and government policies denied the equal political rights between Sinhala and Tamil communities.
b) There was a civil war between them.
c) There was disagreement between the two communities.
d) None of the above .
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4. Read the source and answer the following questions.
For comparing countries , their income is considered to be one of the most important attributes. Countries with higher income are more developed than others with less income. This is based on the understanding that more income means more of all things that you man beings need. Whatever people like and should have they will be able to get with greater income. So, greater income itself is considered to be one important goal. Now, what is the income of the country? Intuitively, the income of the country is the income of all residents of the country. This gives us total income of the country.
However, for conception between countries total income is not such a useful measure. Since, countries have different populations comparing total income will not tell us what an average person is likely to earn. Are people and one country better off than others in a different country? Hence ,we compare the average income which is the total income of the country divided by its population. The average income is also called per capita income.
In World Development Reports, brought out by the World Bank, this criterion is used in classifying countries. Countries with per capita income of US$ 12056 per annum and above in 2017, are called rich countries and those with per capita income of US$ 955 or less are called low income countries.India comes in the category of low middle income countries because its per capita income in 2017 was just US$ 1820 per annum. The rich countries, excluding countries of middle East and certain other small countries are generally called developed countries.
i. The passage given above relates to which of the following options?
a) Education
b) Income
c) Health
d) All of these.
ii. The income of the country is the income of
a) few states of the country
b) Tax collected from public.
c) Deposits in Bank accounts .
d) All the residents of the country.
iii. The income which is the total income of country divided by its population is known as.
a) Average income
b) Per capita income.
c) Revenue income
d) All of the above.
iv. India comes in which of the following categories of country based on per capita income?
a) Rich countries
b) Low Income countries
c) Low middle income countries
d) Highest income country.
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5. The Belgians leaders took a different path. They recognized the existence of regional differences and cultural diversities . Here are some of the elements of Belgian model :
# Constitution prescribes that the number of Dutch and French speaking Minister Shall be equal in Central government. Some special laws requires the support of majority of members from each linguistic groups. Thus, no single community can make decisions unilaterally.
# Many powers of the central government have been given to state government of the two regions of the country. The state government are not subordinate to the central government.
# Brussels has a separate government in which both the communities have equal representation. The French speaking people accepted equal representation and Brussels because the Dutch speaking community has acceptable equal representation in the central government.
# Apart from the central and state government, there is a third kind of government. This community government is elected by the people belonging to one language community- Dutch, French and German speaking- no matter where they live.
i. The Belgian leaders worked out an arrangement which would make their country a better place to live for all. For this they recognized two things , i.e., ........ and .... .
a) Cultural diversities, size of the different regions.
b) Regional differences , cultural diversities.
c) Regional differences , three tier administration.
d) None of the above.
ii. Why any single community in Belgium can't make decision about the administration?
a) In Parliament there are both Dutch and French speaking ministers.
b) Some special laws are introduced.
c) Some special laws requires the support of majority of members from each linguistic groups
d) Both a and c.
iii. Brussels has a separate government in which both the ........ have equal representation.
a) Dutch speaking and French speaking.
b) Dutch speaking and German speaking
c) French speaking and German speaking.
d) None of the above.
iv. What is the name of third kind of government in Belgium?
a) Community government
b) Third tier government
c) Special government
d) None of the above
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6. How is it that the average income has more income than the average person in Kerala but lags behind in these crucial areas? The reason is money in your pocket cannot buy all the goods and services that you may need to live well. So income by itself is not a completely adequate indicator of material goods and services that citizens are able to use. For example normally your money cannot buy your pollution free environment or ensure that you get an adulterated medicines and less you can afford to ship to a community that already has all these things. Money may also not be able to protect you from in infectious diseases, unless the whole of your community takes preventive steps.
Actually for many of the important things in life the best way, also the cheapest way, is to provide these goods and services collectively. Just think will it be cheaper to have collective security for the whole locality for each house to have its own security men? What if no one, other than you and your village or locality is interested and studying would you be able to study. Not unless your parents could afford to send you to some private school elsewhere. So you are actually able to study because many other children also want to study and because many people believe that the government should open schools and provide other facilities so that all children have chance to study. Even now, in many areas, children, particularly girls, are not able to go to high school because the government/society has not provided adequate facilities.
Kerala has a low Infant Mortality Rate because it has adequate provision of basic health and educational facilities. Similarly, in some states , the Public Distribution System
(PDS) function well. Health and nutritional status of people of such states is certainly likely to be better.
i. The source given above relates to which of the following options?
a) Health
b) Education
c) Public facilities
d) Poverty
ii. Which of the following is true about money?
a) Money can't buy a pollution free environment.
b) Money can't assure that you get unadulterated medicines.
c) Money can't protect from infectious diseases.
d) All of the above.
iii. Even now, in many areas, children, particularly girls are not able to go to high school because
a) Parents don't allow children to go to school.
b) Children are not willing to go to school.
c) The government / society has not provided adequate facilities for school.
d) None of the above.
iv. Which among the following states has low Infant Mortality Rate
a) Haryana
b) Bihar
c) Kerala
d) Odisha.
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